Define "urbanization."

Urbanization refers specifically to the process by which an increasing percentage of a population comes to live in urban areas, typically cities, as opposed to rural regions. This phenomenon is often driven by various factors, such as economic opportunities, industrialization, and the search for better living conditions and services found in urban settings. As people migrate from rural to urban areas, cities grow, reflecting changes in population density and the development of infrastructure to support this growth.

The correct answer highlights this core idea of urbanization focusing on the comparative increase in urban populations in contrast to rural areas, encapsulating the essence of how societies evolve in response to economic and social changes.