What does the term "separation of powers" mean?

The term "separation of powers" refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches. This principle is foundational to many democratic systems, including the U.S. government, where powers and responsibilities are divided among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has its own functions and powers, which helps to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and ensures a system of checks and balances. This structure encourages cooperation and limits the potential for abuse of power, safeguarding individual liberties and promoting fair governance.

Understanding this concept is crucial, as it highlights the importance of clear roles within government and the necessity of oversight among branches to maintain a balanced political system. The other options present concepts that either do not align with the meaning of separation of powers or misrepresent its intended purpose within a government framework.